Place in time: Muswellbrook, NSW
Image sourced from Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales
Traditionally known for coal mining and agriculture, Muswellbrook has also developed a reputation for gourmet food and wine production, positioning itself as both an industrial and cultural hub. The town has a population of 16,357.
Muswellbrook has a significant and engaged Aboriginal community, with approximately 11% of the population identifying as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. The traditional owners of the region are the Wonnarua (Wanaruah) people, whose language and culture are an integral part of the area's identity. The Wanaruah Local Aboriginal Land Council represents the local community, while organisations such as Ungooroo Aboriginal Corporation and Blackroo Community Indigenous Corporation provide vital services and deliver cultural events. Muswellbrook Shire Council works closely with the Aboriginal community, actively participating in initiatives such as NAIDOC Week to honour and amplify Aboriginal voices and culture.
The town’s coal mining history dates back more than a century and has played a crucial role in shaping the region’s economy and community. Starting with underground mining, the area shifted to large-scale open-cut mining by the mid-20th century. The coal industry has fuelled local growth, jobs, and supported the nearby Bayswater Power Station and former Liddell Power Station helping to power NSW.
Image sourced from Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales
Muswellbrook is becoming a key centre for renewable energy, with several major projects underway. These include a newly approved 135 MW solar farm and battery energy storage system (BESS) by OX2 and Idemitsu, and the Muswellbrook Pumped Hydro project, developed through an AGL–Idemitsu joint venture. Together, these initiatives form part of the Hunter–Central Coast Renewable Energy Zone, repurposing former mining sites for green energy infrastructure and helping to transform the area’s energy landscape.
The town is also rich in heritage and attractions. Heritage-listed sites such as the Muswellbrook Post Office and Railway Station reflect its long history. Visitors can enjoy cultural highlights like the Muswellbrook Regional Arts Centre, unique local attractions such as the Blue Heeler Cattle Dog Statue and Camel Milk NSW, and the renowned Hunter Valley wine region nearby. Outdoor enthusiasts can explore Lake Liddell and the World Heritage Wollemi National Park, all known for recreation, wildlife, and scenic beauty.
Muswellbrook embodies a story of transition – balancing its proud history of coal and agriculture with a vibrant cultural life, a strong Aboriginal presence, and a growing role in Australia’s renewable energy future.